What is Executive Function (EF): A simple definition
If you've delved into the realm of ADHD research, chances are you've encountered the term Executive Function (EF). Despite its frequent use, many individuals remain unclear about its precise meaning. In this article, I aim to provide a straightforward explanation of executive function to enhance your understanding of what it is.
A Simple Definition of Executive Function
Renowned ADHD expert, Russell Barkley, PhD, notes that defining executive function is a challenge. In essence, there are various ways to define EF, leading to ongoing debates among professionals. That being said, in his book titled Executive Functions, Dr. Barkley outlines six major components of EF: self-regulation, sequencing of behavior, flexibility, response inhibition, planning, and organization of behavior. Additionally, Dr. Sam Goldstein, a neuropsychologist, offers a succinct definition of EF as "how efficiently a person decides what to do" (source). This may be one of the simplest definitions around.
To better understand what this looks like practically, here is a list of executive dysfunctions resulting from EF impairment (Source: Cleveland Clinic)
Being very distractible or having trouble focusing on just one thing.
Focusing too much on just one thing.
Daydreaming or “spacing out” when you should be paying attention (such as during a conversation, meeting, class, etc.).
Trouble planning or carrying out a task because you can’t visualize the finished product or goal.
Difficulty motivating yourself to start a task that seems difficult or uninteresting.
Struggling to move from one task to another.
Getting distracted or interrupted partway through a task, causing you to misplace items or lose your train of thought (like leaving your keys in the refrigerator because you wanted a snack, but your hands were full, so you put your keys down inside the refrigerator and forgot about them).
Problems with impulse control, like snacking when you’re trying to manage your diet.
Struggling with thinking before you talk, causing you to blurt out the first thing that pops in your head without considering that it might hurt someone’s feelings.
Having trouble explaining your thought process clearly because you understand it in your head, but putting it into words for others feels overwhelming.
Improving Executive Function
If you're eager to enhance your executive function , PRGRS Therapy is here for you. As a specialized practice in ADHD treatment, we offer free 15-minute phone consultations. Contact us today to take the first step toward improvement.
